At this question, Aladdin lowered his eyes, embarrassed. His mother,
however, answered in his place. ‘Aladdin is an idle fellow,’ she said.
‘While he was alive, his father did his best to make him learn his trade
but never succeeded. Since his death, despite everything I have tried to
tell him, again and again, day after day, the only trade he knows is
acting the vagabond and spending all his time playing with children, as
you saw for yourself, mindless of the fact that he is no longer a child.
And if you can’t make him feel ashamed and realize how pointless his
behaviour is, I despair of him ever amounting to anything. He knows his
father left nothing, and he can himself see that despite spinning cotton
all day as I do, I have great difficulty in earning enough to buy us bread.
In fact, I have decided that one of these days I am going to shut the door
on him and send him off to fend for himself.’
After she had spoken, Aladdin’s mother burst into tears, whereupon
the magician said to Aladdin: ‘This is no good, my nephew. You must
think now about helping yourself and earning your own living. There are
all sorts of trades; see if there isn’t one for which you have a particular
inclination. Perhaps that of your father doesn’t appeal to you and you
would be more suited to another: be quite open about this, I am just
trying to help you.’ Seeing Aladdin remain silent, he went on: ‘If you
want to be an honest man yet dislike the idea of learning a trade, I will
provide you with a shop filled with rich cloths and fine fabrics. You can
set about selling them, purchasing more goods with the money that you
make, and in this manner you will live honourably. Think about it and
then tell me frankly your opinion. You will find that I always keep my
word.’ This offer greatly flattered Aladdin, who did not like manual work, all the more so since he had enough sense to know that shops with these
kinds of goods were esteemed and frequented and that the merchants
were well dressed and well regarded. So he told the magician, whom he
thought of as his uncle, that his inclination was more in that direction
than any other and that he would be indebted to him for the rest of his
life for the help he was offering. ‘Since this occupation pleases you,’ the
magician continued, ‘I will take you with me tomorrow and will have
you dressed in rich garments appropriate for one of the wealthiest
merchants of this city. The following day we will consider setting up a
shop, as I think it should be done.’
Aladdin’s mother, who up until then had not believed the magician
was her husband’s brother, now no longer doubted it after hearing all
the favours he promised her son. She thanked him for his good
intentions and, after exhorting Aladdin to make himself worthy of all the
wealth his uncle had promised him, served supper. Throughout the meal,
the talk ran upon the same subject until the magician, seeing the night
was well advanced, took leave of the mother and the son and retired.
The next morning, he returned as he had promised to the widow of
Mustafa the tailor and took Aladdin off with him to a wealthy merchant
who sold only ready-made garments in all sorts of fine materials and for
all ages and ranks. He made the merchant bring out clothes that would
fit Aladdin and, after putting to one side those which pleased him best
and rejecting the others that did not seem to him handsome enough, said
to Aladdin: ‘My nephew, choose from among all these garments the one
you like best.’ Aladdin, delighted with his new uncle’s generosity, picked
one out which the magician then bought, together with all the necessary
accessories, and paid for everything without bargaining.
…cont
You have been exposed to the success habits of the world’s richest as well as most fulfilled human beings on the planet. Now it’s time for you to reach new heights. You can have everything you’ve dreamed about wealth, a great job, a terrific business, and incredible relationships. It doesn’t have to be a “wonderful thought” anymore, it can be your reality and all of it is within reach. So what’s holding you back?
Well, if you’re like a lot of people, you read these words, got inspired, started dreaming about what’s possible, and glimpsed where you might go. Maybe you even had a clear and powerful vision.
Your thoughts might have included all the positive things that could happen if you don’t let the villain within sabotage you, if you change your story from limiting to limitless.
You can envision how this type of change would affect your life. You get the Success Habits, the
Happiness Habits, the Success Hacks. It all makes sense, and you’re inspired by the stories I’ve told you stories of people just like you who have transformed their lives. Some of my stories might even
have made you think, “If this guy can do it, I surely can” So why the heck would you or anyone ever struggle to get started? Because the idea of making changes in your life can be overwhelming and scary. Your subconscious found a place to be safe and doesn’t want to stray. But safe doesn’t mean happy, fulfilled, or financially prosperous. And that’s just what’s going on below the surface! On a conscious level, you’ve got a lot going on. You’ve got bills to pay, jobs to do, chores to tackle. As much as you want to start making these Success Habits part of your life, you’ve got to take action. You’ve got to do stuff. I get it. I’ve been stuck in that place between thought and action. The good news is, I know how to get unstuck, and I’m going to share that with you right now so this book isn’t just a good inspirational read, but your road map to action.
Virgil’s Aeneid is arguably the most influential and celebrated work of Latin literature. Written in the epic meter, dactylic hexameter, the Aeneid follows the journey of Aeneas, son of Venus, after the fall of Troy. According to an ancient mythical tradition, Aeneas fled the burning city and landed in Italy, where he established a line of descendants who would become the Roman people.
Virgil (70–19 b.c.e.) draws on the works of numerous authors, such as Lucretius, Ennius, Apollonius
of Rhodes, and, especially, Homer. Virgil consistently adopts Homeric style and diction (a good example of this is the first line of the poem: “I sing of arms and a man . . .”). He also re-creates entire scenes from the Iliad and the Odyssey. Books 1 to 6 of the Aeneid show such close parallels to the Homeric epics that they are often called the “Virgilian Odyssey.” Books 7 to 12, meanwhile, closely echo the Iliad. Virgil’s use of Homeric elements goes beyond mere imitation. Virgil often places Aeneas in situations identical to those of Odysseus or Achilles, allowing Aeneas’s response to those situations to differentiate him from (and sometimes surpass) his Homeric counterparts.
Virgil constructs his epic in relation to the Roman people and their cultural ideals. He defines Aeneas by
the ethical quality of piety, a concept of particular importance for Rome at the time of the Aeneid’s composition. The Aeneid also contains several etiological stories of interest to the Roman people, most notably that of Dido and the origin of the strife between the Romans and the Carthaginians.
The Dido episode is one of the most famous vignettes of the Aeneid. Dido, the queen of Carthage
also known by her Phoenician name, Elyssa—aids Aeneas and his shipwrecked Trojans in Book 1. Through Venus’s intervention, Dido falls desperately in love with Aeneas and wants him and his men to remain in Carthage. But a message from Jove reminds Aeneas that his fated land is in Italy. Immediately, he orders his men to depart. Dido is heartbroken over Aeneas’s leaving: She builds a pyre out of Aeneas’s gifts and commits suicide on it, prophesying the coming of Hannibal before she dies. When Aeneas descends to the Underworld in Book 4, Dido’s shade refuses to speak with him.
Dido’s character shows a great deal of complexity. She appears first as an amalgam of Alcinous and Arete
as she hospitably receives her Trojan guests but soon becomes a Medea figure, well acquainted with magic and arcane knowledge. Dido is a sympathetic character throughout the epic, though much of how Virgil describes her would have brought to the Roman reader’s mind the Egyptian queen Cleopatra (associated withMark Antony and the civil war). Interpretations of the Aeneid are numerous and far
from unanimous. The Aeneid’s composition coincides with the end of the civil wars and the beginning of
Augustus’s regime. Virgil ostensibly endorses the new princeps by referring to him as the man who will usher in another golden age. Yet several elements of the epic might suggest that Virgil did not wholeheartedly support Augustus. Much of the debate centers on the war in Italy that occupies the second half of the epic, in which some scholars see a reference to the Battle of Perusia in 41 b.c.e., an event Augustus would have preferred to forget. Scholars also point to the end of the Aeneid, where Aeneas kills Turnus as he pleads for his life, as unambiguously criticizing the new leadership.
This anti-Augustan view of the Aeneid has, however, met with opposition. Many scholars find more evidence of the Iliad than of Augustus’s campaign in the latter half of the Aeneid. Others suggest that in killing Turnus, Aeneas acted appropriately for his cultural circumstances. The Aeneid
has also been proposed to represent, not Virgil’s view
of Augustus, but rather the condition of the Roman people. Virgil seems to offer conflicting evidence for his perspective on Augustan Rome and may intentionally leave the matter ambiguous so that the reader may decide for him- or herself.The Aeneid was highly anticipated even before publication and has since enjoyed immense popularity. Quintilian regarded Virgil as nearly equal to Homer and credits him with having the more difficult task. Latin epic writers after Virgil looked to the Aeneid as their model. Statius even acknowledges that his epic, the Thebaid, cannot surpass that of Virgil. The Aeneid became a standard school text of the ancient world and was a critical part of a good education. Virgil,
however, considered the work unfinished. At the time of his death he famously called for the Aeneid to be
burned rather than published. Augustus saved the Aeneid from the flames and ordered its publication.
The Dead Sea Scrolls are, without doubt, the most significant and exciting
manuscript find of the last 100 years. The cache of scrolls and scroll fragments were discovered in 11 caves in the area of Qumran, 13 miles east of Jerusalem, close to the Dead Sea in Israel. This extraordinary library of Jewish documents dates from between the third century B.c. and A.D. 68, and consists of scrolls made from animal skins (parchment), a few of papyrus, and one extremely unusual example in copper.
The texts are written using a carbon-based ink, and are written mostly in
Hebrew, with some in Aramaic (a Semitic language allegedly spoken by Jesus), and a small number in Greek. Research into these mysterious documents and their authors has been ongoing since their initial discovery in the late 1940s and has thrown some fascinating light, not only on the Bible, but also on a shadowy brotherhood of men and women known as the Essenes.
In 1947, Bedouin goat hearders were searching for a stray goat among the cliffs overlooking the Dead Sea when they came upon a hitherto unexplored cave.
Inside the cave, the Bedouins discovered a number of ancient clay jars along the walls, which were filled with manuscripts and wrapped in linen. In all, seven clay jars were recovered from the cave (known as Cave 1) and thus began the nineyear-long investigation of the caves around the northwest shore of the Dead Sea. During the search for scrolls, archaeologists often had to deal with the problem of local Bedouins plundering the caves, eager to make a profit by selling the manuscripts to Arab antiqities dealers in Bethlehem. Eventually, however, the investigations produced approximately 800 documents from 11 different caves at Qumran. A few of these caves, particularly Cave 4, appear to have functioned as permanent libraries with built-in shelves. Although some of the Qumran Scrolls were written during the time of Jesus, none of them refer directly to him, or to any of his apostles. This may be because the scrolls as a whole only consist of a fraction of what was probably once a huge library of manuscripts, most of which is now lost. One of the most fascinating aspects of the scrolls is that they contain the oldest group of Old Testament texts ever found, the only other Hebrew document of similar antiquity is the second century B.c. Nash Papyrus from Egypt, which contains a Hebrew text of the Ten Commandments. The Dead Sea Scrolls can be separated into two categories-the biblical, which consist of copies of the actual books of the Hebrew Scriptures and commentaries on these texts, and the nonbiblical, which consist of the prayer books and rules of life of the community that wrote the scripts. In the Biblical texts, every book of the Old Testament is represented, apart from the Book of Esther and the Book of Nehemiah. There are prophecies by Ezekiel, Jeremiah, and Daniel as well as traditional stories involving Biblical figures such as Noah, Abraham, and Enoch, none of which are recorded in the canonical Hebrew Bible. Some of the most important texts discovered in the caves at Qumran include the Great Isaiah Scroll, which contains the entire 66chapter book of Isaiah; a commentary on the Book of Habakkuk-one of the books of the Old Testament Minor Prophets; a book of community rules known as the Manual of Discipline, consisting mainly of a summary of the responsibilities of the Master of a sectarian Jewish community and his disciples; and the controversial Temple Scroll.
The Temple Scroll is the longest and probably the best-preserved of all the Dead Sea Scrolls, and focuses on the ideal design and operation of a new and perfect temple, including its laws and sacrificial procedures. The question of who wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls and subsequently hid them away in the caves around Qumran is a controversial issue. Researchers have christened the probable authors of the text, a small Jewish group who lived at the
nearby settlement of Qumran, the Dead Sea Sect. The Dead Sea Sect are often identified as the Essenes, credited with introducing monasticism, and one of the three leading Jewish sects discussed by Jewish historian Josephus (c. A.D. 37-c. A.D. 100), the others being the Pharisees and the Sadducees. The Essenes do appear in other contemporary sources, such as Josephus Flavius, Philo of Alexandria, and Pliny the Elder, though they are not mentioned at all in the New Testament.
Apparently the Essenes left Jerusalem in protest at the way the Temple, the central institution of Judaism, was being run, and set themselves up
in the Judean Desert, away from what they saw as the worldliness of Jerusalem. They became an ascetic monastic community, though there seems to have been women among them, and were strict observers of the Torah, or the Written Law (usually the the first five books of the Hebrew Bible).
Power is organized knowledge, expressed through intelligent ifforts. No effort can be said to be organized unless the individuals engaged in that effort coordinate their knowledge and energy in a spirit of perfect harmony.Lack of such harmonious coordination of effort is the main cause of
practically every business failure. I conducted an interesting experiment in collaboration with the
students of a well-known college. Each student was requested to write an essay-"How and Why Henry Ford Became Wealthy." Each was required to describe, as a part of his or her essay, what was believed
to be the nature of Ford's real assets and of what these assets consisted in detail. The majority of the students gathered financial statements and inventories of the Ford assets and used these as the basis of their estimates of Ford's wealth.
The sources of Ford's wealth included cash in banks; raw and finished materials in stock; real estate (land and buildings); and goodwill, estimated at from 10 to 2S percent of the value of the material assets. One student out of the entire group of several hundred answered as follows: Henry Ford's assets consist, in the main, of two items, i.e., (I) Working capital and raw and finished materials; (2) The
knowledge, gained from experience, of Henry Ford himself, and the cooperation of a well-trained organization which understands how to apply this knowledge to best advantage from the Ford viewpoint. It is impossible to estimate, with anything approximating correctness, the actual dollars and
cents value of either of these two groups of assets, but it is my opinion that their relative values are:
The organized knowledge of the Ford Organization The value of cash and physical assets of every
nature, including raw and finished materials 75percent ,25 percent Unquestionably the biggest asset that Henry Ford has is his own brain. Next would come the brains of his immediate circle of associates, for it has been through coordination of these that the physical assets he controls were accumulated.
Although he was already an outstanding athlete, in Grade 10 Michael Jordan was told he wouldn’t be picked for the varsity basketball team and would never make it as a college or professional player because he was too short. It now seems incredible that anyone ever told the boy who would become the greatest basketball player in history that he was never going to make it as a professional, but that is exactly what happened to the legendary Michael Jordan. Today, Jordan is described by most experts as the best player to ever pick up a basketball. His list of awards, records, scoring titles, most-valuable-player trophies, Olympic gold medals, NBA championships, and other honors goes on for several pages.
When the TV sports channel ESPN conducted a poll of sports journalists, they voted Michael Jordan the number one athlete in any sport of the past one hundred years! Yet in high school, Jordan couldn’t even make the varsity basketball team. He was already an outstanding athlete in basketball, football, and baseball, but when he tried out for the senior basketball team in Grade 10, the coaches told him he was simply too short. He was told that, at 5’ 11” (183 cm), he was never going to make it as a college or professional player. Some people might have taken that judgment to heart and lost their self-confidence, but Michael Jordan took it as a challenge, and decided he would prove the coaches wrong. He took his dedication to the sport to the next level, practicing and working out in every spare moment.
In Grade 11, Michael was on the basketball team. In Grade 12, he was named one of the best high school basketball players in the United States. As a star player in university, Michael Jordan had another turning point in his life when he scored the winning basket at the last second in a U.S. college championship game. That boost to his self-esteem never faded, and Jordan says he has never doubted himself since then. Going on to win more championships at the college and professional levels, and setting records that may never be broken, Michael Jordan traces much of his success back to the lesson he learned in high school - when someone tells you that you can’t accomplish something, it simply means that you have to try harder.
THE MOST CONTENTIOUS question in business is whether success comes from luck or skill. What do successful people say? Malcolm Gladwell, a successful author who writes about successful people, declares in Outliers that success results from a “patchwork of lucky breaks and arbitrary advantages.” Warren Buffett famously considers himself a “member of the lucky sperm club” and a winner of the “ovarian lottery.” Jeff Bezos attributes Amazon’s success to an “incredible planetary alignment” and jokes that it was “half luck, half good timing, and the rest brains.” Bill Gates even goes so far as to claim that he “was lucky to be born with certain skills,” though it’s not clear
whether that’s actually possible.
Perhaps these guys are being strategically humble. However, the phenomenon of serial entrepreneurship would seem to call into question our tendency to explain success as the product of chance. Hundreds of people have started multiple multimillion-dollar businesses. A few, like Steve Jobs, Jack Dorsey, and Elon Musk, have created several multibillion-dollar companies. If success were mostly a matter of luck, these kinds of serial entrepreneurs probably wouldn’t exist. In January 2013, Jack Dorsey, founder of Twitter and Square, tweeted to his 2 million followers: “Success is never accidental.” Most of the replies were unambiguously negative. Referencing the tweet in The Atlantic, reporter Alexis Madrigal wrote that his instinct was to reply: ‘Success is
never accidental,’ said all multimillionaire white men.” It’s true that already
successful people have an easier time doing new things, whether due to their
networks, wealth, or experience. But perhaps we’ve become too quick to dismiss anyone who claims to have succeeded according to plan.Is there a way to settle this debate objectively? Unfortunately not, because companies are not experiments. To get a scientific answer about Facebook, for
example, we’d have to rewind to 2004, create 1,000 copies of the world, and start Facebook in each copy to see how many times it would succeed. But that experiment is impossible. Every company starts in unique circumstances, and every company starts only once. Statistics doesn’t work when the sample size is one.
From the Renaissance and the Enlightenment to the mid-20th century, luck was something to be mastered, dominated, and controlled; everyone agreed that you should do what you could, not focus on what you couldn’t. Ralph Waldo Emerson captured this ethos when he wrote: “Shallow men believe in luck, believe in circumstances.… Strong men believe in cause and effect.” In 1912, after he became the first explorer to reach the South Pole, Roald Amundsen wrote: “Victory awaits him who has everything in order—luck, people call it.” No one pretended that misfortune didn’t exist, but prior generations believed in making their own luck by working hard.
If you believe your life is mainly a matter of chance, why read this book?
Learning about startups is worthless if you’re just reading stories about people who won the lottery. Slot Machines for Dummies can purport to tell you which kind of rabbit’s foot to rub or how to tell which machines are “hot,” but it can’t tell you how to win. Did Bill Gates simply win the intelligence lottery? Was Sheryl Sandberg born with a silver spoon, or did she “lean in”? When we debate historical questions like these, luck is in the past tense. Far more important are questions about the future: is it a matter of chance or design?
Most of us never really focus. We constantly feel a kind of irritating psychic chaos because we keep trying to think of too many things at once. There's always too much up there on the screen. There was an interesting motivational talk on this subject given by former Dallas Cowboys coach Jimmy Johnson to his football players before the 1993 Super Bowl: "I told them that if I laid a two-by-four across the room, everybody there would walk across it and not fall, because our focus would be that we were going to walk that two-by-four, But if I put that same two-by-four 10 stories high between two buildings only a few would make it, because the focus would be on falling.
Focus is everything. The team that is more focused today is the team that will win this game." Johnson told his team not to be distracted by the crowd, the media, or the possibility of losing, but to focus on each play of the game itself just as if it were a good practice session. The Cowboys won the game 52-17. There's a point to that story that goes way beyond football. Most of us tend to lose our focus in life because we're perpetually worried about somany negative possibilities. Rather than focusing on the two-by-four, we worry about all the ramifications of falling. Rather than focusing on our goals, we are distracted by our worries and fears. But when you focus on what you want, it will come into your life. When you focus on being a happy and motivated person, that is who you will be.