The reason why Initiative and Leadership are associated terms in this lesson is that Leadership is essential for the attainment of success, and Initiative is the very foundation upon which this necessary quality of Leadership is built. Initiative is as essential to success as a hub is essential to a wheel. Initiative is that exceedingly rare quality which impels a person to do what ought to be done without being told to do it. Elbert Hubbard expressed himself on the subject of Initiative in these words: The world bestows its big prizes, both in money and honors, for one thing, and that is initiative. What is initiative? I'll tell you: It is doing the right thing without being told.But next to doing the right thing without being told is to
do it when you are told once. That is to say, "Carry the message to Garcia." Those who can carry a message get high honors, but their pay is not always in proportion.
Next, there are those who do the right thing only when necessity kicks them from behind, and these get indifference instead of honors, and a pittance for pay. This kind spends most of the time polishing a bench with a hard-luck story. Then, still lower down in the scale than this, we have the person who will not do the right thing even when someone goes along to demonstrate and stays to see that the work is done
right. This person is always out of a job, and receives deserved contempt, unless there is a rich relative in the background, in which case destiny patiently waits around the corner with a club.To which class do you belong? Inasmuch as you will be expected to take inventory of yourself and determine which of the factors of this course you need most, after you have completed the last lesson, it may be well if you begin to get ready for this analysis by answering the question that Elbert Hubbard has asked:
To which class do you belong? One of the peculiarities of Leadership is the fact that it is never
found in those who have not acquired the habit of taking the Initiative.
Leadership is something that you must invite yourself into; it will never thrust itself upon you. If you will carefully analyze all leaders whom you know, you will see that they not only exercised Initiative but
they also went about their work with a difinite purpose in mind. You will also see that they possessed the quality described in the third lesson of this course: Self-Confidence.These facts are mentioned in this lesson because it will profit you to observe that successful people make use of all the factors covered by
the seventeen lessons of the course. They are also mentioned for the more important reason that it will profit you to understand thoroughly the principle of organized ifJort, which this course is intended to establish in your mind.This seems an appropriate place to point out that this course is not intended as a shortcut to success, nor is it intended as a mechanical formula that you may use in noteworthy achievement without effort on your part.
The real value of the course lies in the use that you will make of it, and not in the course itself Its chief purpose is to help you develop in yourself the qualities covered by the seventeen lessons, and one of the most important of these qualities is Initiative, the subject of this lesson.We will now proceed to apply the principle on which this lesson is founded by describing, in detail, just how it served successfully to complete a business transaction that most people would call difficult. In 19 I 6 I needed $25,000 with which to create an educational institution, but I had neither the money nor sufficient collateral with
which to borrow it through the usual banking sources. Did I bemoan my fate or think of what I might accomplish if some rich relative or Good Samaritan would come to my rescue by loaning me the necessary capital?
I did nothing of the sort! I did just what you will be advised, throughout this course, to do.
First of all, I made the securing of this capital my Definite Chief Aim. Second, I laid out a complete plan through which to transform this aim into reality. Backed by sufficient Self-Confidence and spurred on
by Initiative, I proceeded to put my plan into action. But before the "action" stage of the plan had been reached, more than six weeks of constant, persistent study and effort and thought were put into it. If a
plan is to be sound it must be built of carefully chosen material. You will next observe the application of the principle of organized effort} through which it is possible for one to ally or associate several
interests in such a way that each oj these interests is greatly strengthened and each supports all the others, just as one link in a chain supports all the other links.I wanted this $25,000 in capital for the purpose of creating a school of advertising and salesmanship. Two things were necessary for
the organization of such a school. One was the $25,000, which I did not have, and the other was the proper course of instruction, which I did have. My problem was to ally myselfwith some group who needed what I had, and who would supply the $25,000.
This alliance had to be made through a plan that would benefit all concerned.After my plan had been completed, and I was satisfied that it was equitable and sound, I presented it to the owner of a well-known and reputable business college which just then was finding competition quite
keen and was badly in need of a plan for meeting this competition. My plan was presented in about these words: Whereas, you have one of the most reputable business colleges in the city; and, Whereas, you need some plan with which to meet the stiff competition in your field; and,Whereas, your good reputation has provided you with all the credit you need; and, Whereas, I have the plan that will help you meet this competition successfully, be it resolved that we ally ourselves through a plan that will
give you what you need and at the same time supply me with something that I need. Then I proceeded to unfold my plan further, in these words:I have written a very practical course on advertising and salesmanship. Having built this course out of my actual experience in training and directing salesmen, and my experience in planning and directing many successful advertising campaigns, I have behind it plenty of evidence of its soundness.
If you will use your credit in helping market this course, I will place it in your business college as one of the regular departments of your curriculum and take entire charge of this newly created department. No other business college in the city will be able to meet your competition, because no other college has a course such as this. The advertising that you do in marketing this course will also serve to create the demand for your regular business course. You may charge to my department the entire amount that you spend for this advertising, and the advertising bill will be paid out of that department, leaving for you the accumulative advantage that will accrue to your other departments without cost
to you. Now, I suppose you will want to know where I will profit by this transaction, and I will tell you. I want you to enter into a contract with me in which it will be agreed that when the cash receipts from my
department equal the amount you have paid out or contracted to pay.
‘Ah, my son,’ exclaimed the magician, ‘how could I stop myself? I am your uncle and your father was my dear brother. I have been travelling for several years and now, just when I arrive here in the hope of seeing him again and having him rejoice at my return, you say that he is dead! I tell you it’s very painful for me to find I am not going to receive the comfort and consolation I was expecting. But what consoles me a little in my grief is that, as far as I can remember them, I can recognize his features in your face, and that I was not wrong in speaking to you.’ Putting his hand on his purse, he asked Aladdin where his mother lived.
Aladdin answered him straight away, at which the magician gave him a handful of small change, saying: ‘My son, go and find your mother, give her my greetings and tell her that, if I have time, I will go and see her tomorrow, so that I may have the consolation of seeing where my brother lived and where he ended his days.’As soon as the magician had left, his newly invented nephew, delighted with the money his uncle had just given him, ran to his mother. ‘Mother,’ he said to her, ‘tell me, please, have I got an uncle?’
‘No, my son,’ she replied, ‘you have no uncle, neither on your late
father’s side nor on mine.’
‘But I have just seen a man who says he is my uncle on my father’s side,’ insisted Aladdin. ‘He was his brother, he assured me. He even began to weep and embrace me when I told him my father was dead. And to prove I am telling the truth,’ he added, showing her the money he had been given, ‘here is what he gave me. He also charged me to give you his greetings and to tell you that tomorrow, if he has the time, he will come and greet you himself and at the same time see the house where my father lived and where he died.’ ‘My son,’ said his mother, ‘it’s true your father once had a brother, but he’s been dead a long time and I never heard him say he had another brother.’
They spoke no more about the African magician.
The next day, the magician approached Aladdin a second time as he
was playing with some other children in another part of the city,
embraced him as he had done on the previous day and, placing two gold
coins in his hand, said to him: ‘My son, take this to your mother; tell her coins in his hand, said to him: ‘My son, take this to your mother; tell her
I am coming to see her this evening and say she should buy some food so
we can dine together. But first, tell me where I can find your house.’
Aladdin told him where it was and the magician then let him go.
Aladdin took the two gold coins to his mother who, as soon as she
heard of his uncle’s plans, went out to put the money to use, returning
with abundant provisions; but, finding herself with not enough dishes,
she went to borrow some from her neighbours. She spent all day
preparing the meal, and towards evening, when everything was ready,
she said to Aladdin: ‘My son, perhaps your uncle doesn’t know where
our house is. Go and find him and, when you see him, bring him here.’
Although Aladdin had told the magician where to find the house, he
was nonetheless prepared to go out to meet him, when there was a
knock on the door.
Opening it, Aladdin discovered the magician, who
entered, laden with bottles of wine and all kinds of fruit which he had
brought for supper and which he handed over to Aladdin. He then
greeted his mother and asked her to show him the place on the sofa
where his brother used to sit. She showed him and immediately he bent
down and kissed the spot several times, exclaiming with tears in his
eyes: ‘My poor brother! How sad I am not to have arrived in time to
embrace you once more before your death!’ And although Aladdin’s
mother begged him to sit in the same place, he firmly refused. ‘Never
will I sit there,’ he said, ‘but allow me to sit facing it, so that though I
may be deprived of the satisfaction of seeing him there in person as the
head of a family which is so dear to me, I can at least look at where he
sat as though he were present.’ Aladdin’s mother pressed him no further,
leaving him to sit where he pleased. Once the magician had sat down in the place he had chosen, he began to talk to Aladdin’s mother. ‘My dear sister,’ he began, ‘don’t be surprised that you never saw me all the time you were married to my brother Mustafa, of happy memory; forty years ago I left this country, which is mine as well as that of my late brother.
Since then, I have travelled in India, Arabia, Persia, Syria and Egypt, and have stayed in the finest cities, and then I went to Africa, where I stayed much longer. Eventually, as is natural – for a man, however far he is from the place of his birth, never forgets it any more than he forgets his parents and those with whom he was brought up I was overcome by a strong desire to
see my own family again and to come and embrace my brother. I felt I
still had enough strength and courage to undertake such a long journey
and so I delayed no longer and made my preparations to set out. I won’t
tell you how long it has taken me, nor how many obstacles I have met
with and the discomfort I suffered to get here.
I will only tell you that in all my travels nothing has caused me more sorrow and suffering than hearing of the death of one whom I have always loved with a true brotherly love. I observed some of his features in the face of my nephew, your son, which is what made me single him out from among all the
children with whom he was playing. He will have told you how I
received the sad news that my brother was no longer alive; but one must
praise God for all things and I find comfort in seeing him again in a son
who retains his most distinctive features.’
When he saw how the memory of her husband affected Aladdin’s
mother, bringing tears to her eyes, the magician changed the subject
and, turning to Aladdin, asked him his name. ‘I am called Aladdin,’ he
replied. ‘Well, then, Aladdin,’ the magician continued, ‘what do you do?
Do you have a trade?’
…cont
So, you know that the subway is going to be a breeding ground for various
bacteria and viruses. If you travel on there on a regular basis, then there is
every possibility that you will pick up all kinds of illnesses, and it is often
due to the air that you are breathing in. However, even though we do seem to kind of accept that this is the case, it seems that a rather surprising percentage of the air is made up of something that you are probably going to feel a bit sick about when you think of it entering your body.
You see, it is believed that in a typical subway station that approximately
15% of the air content actually consists of particles of human skin. Now, just
stop for a moment and imagine all of that coming into your mouth and then
your lungs. Does that not make you want to stop what you are doing and
reconsider how you are going to be breathing when you next venture into the
subway? Perhaps the Japanese had the correct idea when it came to wearing those masks.
Bonus
The average person falls asleep in seven minutes.
People say, “Bless you” when you sneeze because your heart stops for a millisecond.
In the 17th century, the value of pi was known to 35 decimal places. Today, to 1.2411 trillion.
Antarctica is the only continent on which no Lepidoptera have been found.
Humans use 72 different muscles in speech.
I wish I could say acquiring wealth was easy for me, but it wasn’t. So in response to the question “How do I start?” I offer the thought process I go through on a day-to-day basis. It really is easy to find
great deals. I promise you that. It’s just like riding a bike. After a little wobbling, it’s a piece of cake. But when it comes to money, it takes determination to get through the wobbling. That’s a personal thing.
To find million-dollar “deals of a lifetime” requires us to call on our financial genius. I believe that each of us has a financial genius within us.
The problem is that our financial genius lies asleep, waiting to be called upon. It lies asleep because our culture has educated us into believing that the love of money is the root of all evil. It has encouraged us to learn a profession so we can work for money, but failed to teach us how to have money work for us. It taught us not to worry about our financial future because our company or the government would take care of us when our working days are over. However, it is our children, educated in the same school system, who will end up paying for this absence of financial education. The message is still to work hard, earn money, and spend it,and when we run short, we can always borrow more.
Unfortunately, 90 percent of the Western world subscribes to the above dogma, simply because it’s easier to find a job and work for money. If you are not one of the masses, I offer you the following
10 steps to awaken your financial genius. I simply offer you the stepsI have personally followed. If you want to follow some of them, great.If you don’t, make up your own. Your financial genius is smart enough to develop its own list.While in Peru, I asked a gold miner of 45 years how he was so
confident about finding a gold mine. He replied, “There is gold everywhere. Most people are not trained to see it.” And I would say that is true. In real estate, I can go out and in a day come up with four or five great potential deals, while the average person will go out and find nothing, even looking in the same
neighborhood. The reason is that they have not taken the time to develop their financial genius.
I offer you the following 10 steps as a process to develop your God-given powers, powers over which only you have control.
1. Find a reason greater than reality: the power of spirit
If you ask most people if they would like to be rich or financially free, they would say yes. But then reality sets in. The road seems too long with too many hills to climb. It’s easier to just work for money and hand the excess over to your broker.I once met a young woman who had dreams of swimming for the U.S. Olympic team. The reality was that she had to get up every morning at four o’clock to swim for three hours before going to school. She did not party with her friends on Saturday night. She had to study and keep her grades up, just like everyone else.When I asked her what fueled her super-human ambition and sacrifice, she simply said, “I do it for myself and the people I love. It’s love that gets me over the hurdles and sacrifices.” A reason or a purpose is a combination of “wants” and “don’t wants.
” When people ask me what my reason for wanting to be rich is, I tell them that it is a combination of deep emotional “wants” and “don’t wants.” I will list a few: first, the “don’t wants,” for they create the “wants.” I don’t want to work all my life. I don’t want what my parents aspired for, which was job security and a house in the suburbs. I don’t like being an employee. I hated that my dad always missed my football games becausehe was so busy working on his career. I hated it when my dad worked hard all his life and the government took most of what he worked for at his death. He could not even pass on what he worked so hard for when he died. The rich don’t do that. They work hard and pass it on to their children.Now the “wants.” I want to be free to travel the world and live in the lifestyle I love. I want to be young when I do this. I want to simply be free. I want control over my time and my life. I want
money to work for me.Those are my deep-seated emotional reasons. What are yours? If they are not strong enough, then the reality of the road ahead may be greater than your reasons. I have lost money and been set back many times, but it was the deep emotional reasons that kept me standing up and going forward. I wanted to be free by age 40, but it took me until I was 47, with many learning experiences along the way. As I said, I wish I could say it was easy. It wasn’t. But it wasn’t that hard either. I’ve learned that, without a strong reason or purpose, anything in life is hard.
Who Murdered Hypatia?-Fe-male philosopher, mathematician, and teacher who lived in the ancient Egyptian city of Alexandria, and was brutally murdered by a mob in the early fifth century A.D.Merlin the Magician-The origins of this powerful wizard and prophet of Arthurian legends go back to Celtic myth-and perhaps even further to a magical ancestral figure in prehistoric times-who allegedly erected the megalithic
monument of Stonehenge.
The Phoenicians-An ancient seafaring and trading culture active over a wide
area of the ancient world. They are known to have inhabited the coastal plains of what are now Lebanon and Syria, the origins of this extraordinary maritime culture are shrouded in mystery to this day.
Heinrich Cornelius AgrippaA massively influential German magician and occult writer, astrologer, and alchemist of the 15th and 16th centuries.
The Rosicrucians-A legendary secretive Order dating from the 15th or 17th
century, but with supposed origins much earlier, whose esoteric rites were based on a mixture of early Christianity and Egyptian mysteries. Branches of the Rosicrucian Order still exist today, but what are their real origins, and how have they influenced modern Freemasonry? The Neanderthals-The Neanderthal was a species of the homo genus that inhabited Europe and parts of western Asia from about 230,000 to 29,000 years ago, before they apparently disappeared with the arrival of modern humans.
What happened to the Neanderthals? Why did they die out? Queen Boudicca-Queen of the Celtic Iceni tribe of eastern Britain, who led a devastating revolt against the Roman invaders in A.D. 61. Boudicca and her 250,000 British burned the newly built London to the ground before being finally defeated in battle at a location which has never been discovered. Where was this battle, and what happened to Boudicca afterwards? The Dorians-Supposedly an ancient Greek tribe who either invaded or migrated southwards into southern Greece with the collapse of the Late Bronze Age palace civilizations, centered on fortified citadels such as Mycenae.
Are the Dorians just a myth, or is there evidence for the existence of these enigmatic people? The Boxgrove People-Around 500,000 years ago a group of Homo heidelbergensis (an extinct species of the genus homo) inhabited an area near the modern village of Boxgrove in Sussex, England. What was life like for these remote ancestors of modern humans and what happened to them? The Fairy Folk of Britain and Ireland-Although fairies in the form of spirits or supernatural beings are found in the legends, folklore, and mythology of many different cultures, they are especially prevalent in Britain and Ireland. What lies behind the myths and tales of these legendary beings?
Hero: a noun – a person, who is admired or idealized for courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities.
Inner: adjective - situated inside or further in; internal either mental or spiritual
Those two definitions are pretty clear and each taken on its own can represent a lot of different things to a lot of different people. But when you combine the two, the words take on a new meaning. Inner hero represents your full potential, your best you, the one designed by God that made you special, limitless, and the one who needs to be in charge of your life. When you awaken your inner hero and yes we all have one--you will open your world up to new opportunities and amazing levels of abundance and joy.As I explain the best way to activate your inner hero, don’t forget its opposite, the inner villain. As you have learned by now, the villain fights against your growth and does all it can to rob you of your
confidence, trying to prevent you from developing and anchoring new success habits. If the villain doesn’t work hard to be in control, it will have to bow out and let the inner hero take over.
The villain doesn’t want to lose its power over you. The way the villain works is by telling, or better yet, reminding you of an old, disempowering story and trying to sabotage your subconscious so you can’t create a better one. Yet, by the time this chapter is over you will have the tools and the clarity to let the best you guide your thoughts, your happiness and abundance.Recall the definitions: When the inner hero runs your life, you are filled with confidence, optimism, and are a solution-focused person. When the villain is in charge, it’s the polar opposite, robbing you of the courage, energy and confidence to make the shifts towards the best you. This mindset ends today.I’ve given you tools to know where the villain came from and how to eliminate it. Here, though, we’re going to put a dagger in the heart of that villain once and for all and let the inner hero be in control.
This process isn’t about turning you into something you’re not changing an introvert into an extrovert, for instance. It’s about accomplishing something deeper, better, and more custom tailored to you, and only you, that can last a lifetime. Once the villain doesn’t run your life, but your confident inner hero does, your possibilities are limitless and then you will know what it is like to tap into your
best you. Remember, I’m not offering you a magic pill for success; you’re not going to read these words and instantaneously achieve wealt hand abundance. Instead, as I’ve been emphasizing throughout this
book, you’ll learn how to make tiny shifts that can be implemented quickly and feel and see dramatic, positive effects in a short period of time. Working together, we can accomplish this. You are worth it, so
keep reading, push forward, and stick with it. We’ve come this far, so don’t stop now.As we continue on this journey, and I continue to share new habits, thought processes, and exercises, keep your eye on your “why”. It’s easy to put exercises and behavioral tweaks off until another time. You have done that before, and typically it hasn’t worked out. This isn’t just about inspiring you and telling good stories—plenty of
other books do that. Instead, it’s about small actions that can add up to massive positive effects. No more roller coasters. It’s time to move forward in a straight, sure line.
So to set the stage for this section, let’s just say it like it is: Your state of mind and your level of confidence are critical factors in order for you to become a high achiever. Think about a time you were in
a bad mood and then something good happened and it triggered a great feeling. Maybe you learned there was extra money in your bank account, your spouse did something special for you, or you got a
promotion at work. Can you think of a moment or moments where you went from feeling down to feeling up in an instant? Of course you can, and that demonstrates that you possess the ability to change
your state of mind and your confidence in an instant. You just need tools to be in control of this ability rather than to be at the mercy of outside factors.Face it: Have you done anything amazing in your life when your confidence was in the toilet? No, with this state of mind, problems compound, opportunities are missed and regrets are formed. On the other hand, when you had a day or a moment of high energy, confidence, or were in a great, positive mood, I bet you can think of incredible things you were able to accomplish, even if only for a brief time.
Yes, it’s a great feeling when you are on an emotional high like that, to feel that burst and change of mood! But if the high soon goes away and is followed by a low, then your life is filled with peaks
and valleys—peaks and valleys that are dictated by the outside world.Let’s face it: This up and down emotional ride won’t lead to the wealth, joy, happiness, love, or fulfillment you desire. That’s why I’m going to teach you how to change your state of mind and your level of confidence in a moment, no matter what’s going on around you. With this ability, you can limit those valleys and eventually prevent them altogether because you will be in control of your emotions and thoughts rather than allowing circumstance to dictate what they are. I’m going to show you how to tap into a higher level of confidence that lives inside of you, to boost it, and have it on call when needed. Most people believe that they either have total confidence or none at all. But low points are not caused by you having zero confidence, they can happen when your confidence drops by as little as 5%. Even a small hit to your confidence can be deadly to your aspirations, goals, and dreams. So be prepared to learn how to keep your confidence at 100%, or at least ready to access its full potential instantly. This level of confidence simply does not leave any space for the villain to exist.
Your inner confidence is the hero inside of you waiting to shine. I’ve seen my students fumble with tactical skills and wonder why they were stalled, or worse yet, over-thinking what to do to the point of paralysis. Why couldn’t they build momentum and stay on a course that would free them to be who they aspired to be? Almost every student who didn’t give up in the first few moments of transi tioning learned that the problem was a lack of confidence. Once they went through this process, though, they obtained the ability to create confidence at levels they never thought were possible. And once they did, there was no stopping them. Before we discuss how to tap into this resource and give you the ability to change your state of mind and raise your confidence when you need it, I want to give you the chance to visualize this internal power shift and the huge difference it can make in your life.
In the capital city of a rich and vast kingdom in China whose name I
cannot at the moment recall, there lived a tailor called Mustafa, whose
only distinguishing feature was his profession. This Mustafa was very
poor, his work hardly producing enough to live on for him, his wife and
a son whom God had given him. The son, who was called Aladdin, had received a very neglected upbringing, which had led him to acquire many depraved tendencies. Heupbringing, which had led him to acquire many depraved tendencies. He was wicked, stubborn and disobedient towards his father and mother,who, once he became little older, could no longer keep him in the house.
He would set out first thing in the morning and spend the day playing in the streets and public places with small vagabonds even younger than himself.As soon as he was of an age to learn a trade, his father, who was not in a position to make him learn any trade other than his own, took him
into his shop and began to show him how to handle a needle. But he
remained unable to hold his son’s fickle attention, neither by fear of
punishment nor by gentle means, and could not get him to sit down and
apply himself to his work, as he had hoped.
No sooner was Mustafa’s back turned than Aladdin would escape and not return for the rest of the day. His father would punish him, but Aladdin was incorrigible, and so, much to his regret, Mustafa was forced to leave him to his dissolute ways. All this caused Mustafa much distress, and his grief at not being able to make his son mend his ways resulted in a persistent illness of
which, a few months later, he died. Aladdin’s mother, seeing how her son was not going to follow in his father’s footsteps and learn tailoring, closed the shop so that the proceeds from the sale of all the tools of its trade, together with the little she could earn by spinning cotton, would help provide for herself and her son. Aladdin, however, no longer restrained by the fear of a father, paid so little attention to his mother that he had the effrontery to threaten her when she so much as remonstrated with him, and now abandoned himself completely to his dissolute ways.
He associated increasingly with children of his own age, playing with them with even greater enthusiasm. He continued this way of life until he was fifteen, with his mind totally closed to anything else and with no thought of what he might one day become. Such was his situation when one day, while he was playing in the middle of a square with a band of vagabonds, as was
his wont, a stranger who was passing by stopped to look at him.
This stranger was a famous magician who, so the authors of this story
tell us, was an African, and this is what we will call him, as he was
indeed from Africa, having arrived from that country only two days
before.
Now it may be that it was because this African magician, who was an
expert in the art of reading faces, had looked at Aladdin and had seen all
that was essential for the execution of his journey’s purpose, or there
might have been some other reason. Whatever the case, he artfully made
enquiries about Aladdin’s family and about what sort of fellow he was.
When he had learned all that he wanted to know, he went up to the
young man and, drawing him a little aside from his companions, asked
him: ‘My son, isn’t your father called Mustafa, the tailor?’ ‘Yes, sir,’
replied Aladdin, ‘but he has been dead a long time.’At these words, the magician’s eyes filled with tears and, uttering deep sighs, he threw his arms round Aladdin’s neck, embracing and kissing him several times. Aladdin, seeing his tears, asked him why he was weeping.
…CONT
The Milky Way is not the only galaxy visible in our skies. In the southern hemisphere you can also see the two Magellanic Clouds. They are generally thought to be satellite galaxies linked
by gravity to the Milky Way, but recent research suggests they may be just passing through our neighborhood.
The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) lies in the constellations Dorado and Mensa. It is about 25,000–30,000 light-years across and contains about 100 billion solar masses. The LMC is classed as an irregular galaxy, although it has a bar in its center and some signs of spiral arms. It may have once been a spiral galaxy that was pulled into a new shape by the gravity of the Milky Way.
The Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) is one of the most distant objects that can be seen with the naked eye. This irregular dwarf galaxy is a smaller version of the LMC. It contains less dust and gas, but it still has a number of star-forming regions (the red regions shown above). The SMC has a visible diameter of about 15,000 light-years and contains several hundred million stars. Its mass is about seven billion times the mass of our Sun.